Contoh Soal Materi Literasi Bahasa Inggris UTBK SNBT 2024, Lengkap dengan Pembahasannya

TRIBUN-MEDAN.com - Ujian Tulis Berbasis Komputer- Seleksi Nasional Berdasarkan Tes (UTBK-SNBT 2024) akan segera dilaksanakan pada tgl 30 April 2024, untuk itu calon peserta diharapkan sudah mempersiapkan diri untuk menghadapi seleksi.

Ujian UTBK-SNBT terdiri dari tiga materi tes:

Ketiga materi tersebut adalah Tes Potensi Skolastik (TPS), Kemampuan Membaca Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris, serta Penalaran Matematika.

TPS menguji kemampuan penalaran umum, kemampuan kuantitatif, pengetahuan dan pemahaman umum, serta kemampuan membaca dan menulis.

Kemampuan kuantitatif mencakup pengetahuan dan penguasaan matematika dasar.

Literasi dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris mengukur kemampuan untuk memahami, menggunakan, memanfaatkan, dan merefleksikan berbagai jenis teks untuk memecahkan masalah dan mengembangkan kapasitas individu untuk berkontribusi secara produktif kepada masyarakat sebagai warga negara Indonesia dan global.

Penalaran Matematika mengukur kemampuan berpikir menggunakan konsep, prosedur, fakta, dan alat matematika untuk memecahkan masalah sehari-hari dalam berbagai jenis konteks yang relevan bagi individu sebagai warga negara Indonesia dan dunia.

Berikut Contoh Soal Literasi Bahasa Inggris

The questions number 84-86 are based on the following passage.

Loneliness and social isolation in older adults are serious public health risks affecting a significant number of people in the United States and putting them at risk for dementia and other serious medical conditions. A report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) points out that more than one-third of adults aged 45 and older feel lonely, and nearly one-fourth of adults aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated. Older adults are at increased risk for loneliness and social isolation because they are more likely to face factors such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and hearing loss.

Although it's hard to measure social isolation and loneliness precisely, there is strong evidence that many adults aged 50 and older are socially isolated or lonely in ways that put their health at risk. Recent studies found that social isolation significantly increased a person's risk of premature death from all causes, a risk that may rival those of smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity. Poor social relationships (characterized by social isolation or loneliness) was also associated with a 29 persen increased risk of heart disease. Loneliness among heart failure patients was associated with a nearly 4 times increased risk of death, 68 persen increased risk of hospitalization, and 57 persen increased risk of emergency department visits.

1. The writer's intention in writing the passage is to ....
A. disseminate the information about the impacts loneliness and social isolation in the elderly
B. encourage people to be more concerned about the elderly who are lonely and socially isolated
C. prove that the elderly experiencing loneliness and social isolation actually exist in the United States
D. convey the pain and sadness experienced by lonely and socially isolated elderly based on research
E. tell about the loneliness and unhappiness felt by the elderly who are socially isolated, as well as research findings

Jawaban: A

Pembahasan:

Soal menanyakan tujuan si penulis menulis teks.
Paragraf pertama menyampaikan bahwa kesepian dan isolasi sosial pada lansia adalah risiko kesehatan masyarakat yang serius yang mempengaruhi sejumlah besar orang di Amerika Serikat. Paragraf kedua menyampaikan hasil penelitian tentang dampak kesepian dan isolasi sosial yang dialami oleh para lansia.

Secara umum, teksnya membahas dampak buruk dari rasa kesepian dan isolasi sosial bagi mereka yang berusia tua. Dengan demikian, tujuan teks tersebut adalah menyebarluaskan informasi tentang dampak rasa kesepian dan isolasi sosial pada lansia sehingga pilihan A tepat.

2. To whom is the text likely addressed?
A. Families staying with elderly
B. People living around elderly
C. Pensioners who have just left their jobs
D. Senior citizens living alone in the suburbs
E. Employers having old workers in their companies

Jawaban: B

Pembahasan:
Soal menentukan sasaran pembaca teks.
Secara umum, teks bacaan membahas tentang rasa kesepian dan isolasi sosial yang dialami para lansia yang berdampak buruk pada kesehatan mereka. Dengan demikian, sasaran teks ini adalah mereka yang tinggal di sekitar lansia agar mereka memperhatikan kondisi para lansia tersebut. Jadi, pilihan B tepat.

3. From the last paragraph, we can infer that ...
A. Those who experience loneliness may develop heart disease.
B. Feeling lonely aggravates the heart condition of the elderly.
C. Heart disease is the worst ailment that a lonely older person will suffer from.
D. The older people get, the more lonely they will feel.
E. Loneliness and social isolation that people experience makes them unable to survive.

Jawaban: B

Pembahasan:

Soal menanyakan kesimpulan tersirat yang dapat diambil berdasarkan informasi pada teks. Berdasarkan kalimat ketiga dan keempat, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa rasa kesepian akan memperburuk kondisi jantung lansia. Maka dari itu pilihan B paling tepat.

The questions number 87-88 are based on the following passage.

Those in the retail industry that are successful in digitally transforming will be ones that leverage technology to innovate around an immersive and disruptive customer experience. These "lighthouse" retailers are the ones driving innovation, adopting emerging technologies early, and showing the industry what works and is possible. They are the ones experimenting with new models and store formats, playing with recombinations/reconfigurations of scale, assets, product, place, and people. The "store of the future" is the keystone of this effort.

The store of the future will combine multiple formats to deliver an immersive and unique experience across all customer touchpoints online and in the store. It will be heavily instrumented for operational efficiency and digitally connected end-to-end to leverage a single view of customer, product, and order. The store of the future - despite its reliance on sophisticated technology and infrastructure - will be trying to look smaller and less intimidating, more personalized, and frictionless.

The deployment of these and other digital technologies in disruptive ways can turn visitors into shoppers and shoppers into brand-loyal customers. However, understanding which consumers want personalization and which want contextualized and relevant experiences, while protecting everyone's privacy, has grown more difficult. With so much at stake, data privacy has become a challenge for every party involved.

4. Who needs to see the passage?
A. Online customer
B. Businessperson
C. Manufacturer
D. Importer
E. Distributor

Jawaban: B

Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan sasaran pembaca yang tepat untuk teks ini. Untuk mengetahuinya, perlu dipahami ide pokok dari teks terlebih dahulu.

Pada paragraf 1, penulis mendeskripsikan kualitas retailer yang sukses melakukan transformasi digital.

Pada paragraf 2, penulis menggambarkan format toko di masa depan.

Pada paragraf 3, penulis menjelaskan dampak negatif dari penggunaan teknologi bagi pelanggan, yaitu terkait dengan keamanan data mereka.

Oleh karena itu, yang paling mungkin menjadi sasaran teks adalah orang yang berwenang atau yang dapat membuat kebijakan untuk mengubah format ritel menjadi digital dan mempelajari langkah-langkah yang harus diterapkan supaya sukses dalam transformasinya. Dari opsi jawaban, sasaran pembaca yang paling tepat adalah businessperson, yaitu orang yang bekerja di bidang bisnis, terutama orang yang memiliki posisi penting di perusahaan. Dengan demikian, pilihan B tepat.

5. Measles, a childhood disease, has caused suffering to mankind for thousands of years. However, the search for an effective measles vaccine lasted two hundred years and has finally ended in success. Now, for the first time, measles is a preventable disease. You may ask, "How is this important to children?" Every year measles kills twice as many Americans as polio does. More children die from measles than from any other common childhood disease. Also complications of some degree occur in about one child out of six. Most complication include pneumonia and ear disorders. Another after-effect of measles-brain damage is less common, but it can have such serious consequence that it deserves special attention. Brain damage due to measles sounds like something far away from our experience. In reality, it is not. Like other injury, damage to the brain can be very slight or very severe. It is quite possible that we have never seen or heard a child who has severe brain damage - the child would either have died or would be in an institution. However, in medical research a relation has been found between measles and such things as behavior problems, personality changes and dulling of metal ability. For example, a child may be bad-tempered or a little slow to learn after he has recovered from measles

One of the important findings of the research on measles is that ....
A. children who have got measles may become difficult to handle because of their behavior.
B. in reality, there are no measles patients who get brain damage.
C. personality changes already occur at the time a child has measles.
D. measles can cause children to become physically handicapped.
E. measles is the first killer of childhood disease in the world

Jawaban: A

Pembahasan:

Untuk mengerjakan contoh soal skolastik UTBK literasi Bahasa Inggris ini, kamu perlu mengetahui kalimat kunci yang menjadi inti dari teks. Dalam dua kalimat terakhir, dijelaskan bahwa ada kaitan antara measles dengan perubahan sikap, kepribadian, dan pengumpulan kemampuan mental, misalnya setelah menderita measles, anak jadi sering marah-marah atau lamban dalam belajar. Perilaku seperti ini memungkinkan seorang anak menjadi sulit ditangani setelah menderita measles. Maka, jawaban yang tepat adalah A.

6. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Customers demanded stores with cutting-edge infrastructure to be user-friendly.
B. The more advanced the technology is, the more successful the retailers will be.
C. Each customer will receive a better and more unique experience in online shopping.
D. Providing a one-of-a-kind shopping experience will require a combination of formats.
E. Stores of the future are trying to achieve the ultimate goal that is to attract more visitors.

Jawaban: D

Pembahasan:
Soal menentukan pernyataan yang tepat berdasarkan teks.

Pilihan A tidak tepat. Informasi tentang toko yang menggunakan infrastruktur mutakhir ada di paragraf dua kalimat tiga. Disebutkan bahwa meskipun bergantung dengan teknologi dan infrastruktur yang canggih, toko-toko ini akan berusaha untuk bisa digunakan dengan lebih mudah (oleh pelanggan), merujuk pada kata less intimidating dan frictionless. Namun, tidak ada informasi bahwa hal ini adalah tuntutan dari pelanggan.

Pilihan B tidak tepat. Kesuksesan perusahaan ritel disebutkan di paragraf satu kalimat satu. Disampaikan bahwa mereka yang sukses adalah yang memanfaatkan teknologi untuk berinovasi. Kemutakhiran dari teknologi itu sendiri tidak menentukan kesuksesan mereka, melainkan pemanfaatannya.

Pilihan C tidak tepat. Memberikan pengalaman berbelanja yang unik disampaikan di paragraf dua kalimat satu. Tertulis bahwa pengalaman berbelanja tersebut ditujukan pada semua titik, tidak hanya di toko online namun juga di toko offline.

Pilihan D tepat. Informasi ini juga terdapat di paragraf dua kalimat satu. Disebutkan bahwa toko di masa depan memang akan menggabungkan berbagai format untuk memberikan pengalaman berbelanja yang berbeda. Dengan demikian, pernyataan informasi ini sesuai.

Pilihan E tidak tepat. Informasi yang berhubungan dengan pengunjung ada di paragraf tiga kalimat satu. Disampaikan bahwa pebisnis ritel mengerti bahwa penerapan teknologi ini bisa mengubah pengunjung menjadi pembeli, pembeli menjadi pelanggan setia. Tidak disebutkan kalau menarik lebih banyak pengunjung adalah tujuan akhir mereka.

The questions number 7-14 are based on the following passage.

In the following article, the author speculates about a connection between the low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet recommended by the medical establishment in the last twenty years and the increasing rate of obesity among Americans.

American dietitians and members of the medical community have ridiculed low-carbohydrate diets as quackery for the past thirty years, while extolling a diet that cuts down on fat, limits meat consumption, and relies on carbohydrates as its staple. Many Americans are familiar with the food pyramid promoted by the U.S. government, with its foundation of carbohydrates such as breads, rice, and pasta, and its apex allotted to fats, oils, and sweets. Adhering to the government's anti-fat, pro-carbohydrate gospel, food manufacturers have pumped out fat-free grain products that lure consumers with the promise of leaner days. Then, why are Americans getting so fat? Could the dietary recommendations of the last twenty years be wrong? And what's more, could the proponents of diets that push protein and fat be right?

Fact: Obesity rates have soared throughout the country since the 1980s. The United States Centers of Disease Control reports that the number of obese adults has doubled in the last twenty years. The num-ber of obese children and teenagers has almost tripled, increasing 120 % among African-American and Latino children and 50 % among white children. The risk for Type 2 diabetes, which is associated with obesity, has increased dramatically as well. Disturbingly, the disease now affects 25 % to
30 % of children, compared with 3 % to 5 % two decades ago.

What is behind this trend? Supersized portions, cheap fast food, and soft drinks combined with a sedentary lifestyle of TV watching or Internet surfing have most likely contributed to the rapid rise of obesity. Yet, there might be more to it: is it a coincidence that obesity rates increased in the last twenty years-the same time period in which the low-fat dietary doctrine has reigned? Before the 1980s, the conventional wisdom was that fat and protein created a feeling of satiation, so that overeating would be less likely. Carbohydrates, on the other hand, were regarded as a recipe for stoutness. This perception began to change after World War II when coronary heart disease reached near epidemic proportions among middle-aged men. A theory that dietary fat might increase cholesterol levels and, in turn, increase the risk of heart disease emerged in the 1950s and gained increasing acceptance by the late 1970s. In 1979, the focus of the food guidelines promoted by the United States Depart-ment of Agriculture (USDA) began to shift away from getting enough nutrients to avoiding excess fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium-the components believed to be linked to heart disease. The anti-fat credo was born.

To date, the studies that have tried to link dietary fat to increased risk of coronary heart disease have remained ambiguous. Studies have shown that cholesterol-lowering drugs help reduce the risk of heart disease, but whether a diet low in cholesterol can do the same is still questionable. While nutrition experts are debating whether a low-fat, carbohydrate-based diet is the healthiest diet for Americans, nearly all agree that the anti-fat message of the last twenty years has been over-simplified. For example, some fats and oils like those found in olive oil and nuts are beneficial to the heart and may deserve a larger propor-tion in the American diet than their place at the tip of the food pyra-mid indicates. Likewise, some carbohydrates that form the basis of the food pyramid, like the "refined" carbohydrates contained in white bread, pasta, and white rice, are metabolized in the body much the same way sweets are. According to one Harvard Medical School researcher, a breakfast of a bagel with low-fat cream cheese is "meta-bolically indistinguishable from a bowl of sugar."

So what about those high-fat, protein diets that restrict carbohy-drates like the popular Atkins' diet and others? A small group of nutrition experts within the medical establishment find it hard to ignore the anecdotal evidence that many lose weight successfully on these diets. They are arguing that those diets should not be dismissed out of hand, but researched and tested more closely. Still others fear that Ameri-cans, hungry to find a weight-loss regimen, may embrace a diet that has no long-term datal about whether it works or is safe. What is clear is that Americans are awaiting answers and in the meantime, we need to eat something.

7. The passage is primarily concerned with
A. questioning the dietary advice of the past two decades.
B. contrasting theories of good nutrition.
C. displaying the variety of ways one can interpret scientific evidence.
D. debunking the value of diets that restrict carbohydrates.
E. isolating the cause of the rising rate of obesity.

Jawaban: A

Pembahasan: The article raises the question, Could the dietary recommendations of the last twenty years be wrong? (lines 10-11).

The author's attitude toward the medical experts who ridiculed low-carbohydrate diets as quackery and praised low-fat diets is one of
A. bemused agreement.
B. seeming ambivalence.
C. unconcerned apathy.
D. implicit objection.
E. shocked disbelief.

Jawaban: D

Pembahasan: The author expresses her objection by depicting the medical experts as extreme, ridicul[ing] (line 2) one diet while extolling (line 3) another.

8. The term gospel as it is used in the passage most nearly means
A. one of the first four New Testament books.
B. a proven principle.
C. a message accepted as truth.
D. American evangelical music.
E. a singular interpretation.

Jawaban: C

Pembahasan: Choices a and d are alternate definitions that do not apply to the passage. The author uses gospel (line 8) with its religious implica-tions as an ironic statement, implying that scientists accepted a premise based on faith instead of on evidence.

9. The author uses the word Fact in order to
A. draw a conclusion about the USDA'S dietary recommendations.
B. imply that statistical information can be misleading.
C. hypothesize about the health effects of high-fat, protein diets.
D. introduce a theory about the increased rate of obesity.
E. emphasize a statistical reality regardless of its cause.

Jawaban: E

Pembahasan: The author begins with Fact (line 14) to introduce and highlight statistical information. She or he does not speculate about the meaning of the statistics until the next paragraph.

10. The passage suggests that the obesity trend in the United States is
A. partly a result of inactive lifestyles.
B. the predictable outcome of cutting down on saturated fat.
C. a cyclical event that happens every twenty years.
D. unrelated to a rise in diabetes cases.
E. the unfortunate byproduct of the effort to reduce heart disease.

Jawaban: A

Pembahasan: The author names a sedentary lifestyle of TV watching and Internet surfing (lines 24-25) as a contributing factor to the rise in obesity rates.

11. In lines 26-31, the author implies that the government's 1979 food guidelines
A. relied more on folk wisdom than on scientific study.
B. was based on the theoretical premise that eating less dietary fat reduces heart disease.
C. was negligent in not responding to the increasing incidence of heart disease.
D. no longer bothered to mention nutrient objectives.
E. was successful in reducing heart disease rates.

Jawaban: B

Pembahasan: The passage suggests that the 1979 dietary guidelines responded to a theory that dietary fat (line 34) increases heart disease.

12. The author characterizes the anti-fat message of the last twenty years as
A. elusive.
B. questionable.
C. incoherent.
D. beneficial.
E. inventive.

Jawaban: B

Pembahasan: The passage describes the anti-fat message as oversimplified (lines 48-49) and goes on to cite the importance of certain beneficial types of fat found in olive oil and nuts (lines 38-39).

The author cites the example of a breakfast of a bagel with low-fat cream cheese in order to
A. show that getting a nutritional breakfast can be fast and convenient.
B. demonstrate that carbohydrates are the ideal nutrient.
C. overturn the notion that a carbohydrate-based breakfast is necessarily healthy.
D. persuade readers that they should eat eggs and sausage for breakfast.
E. argue that Americans should greatly restrict their carbohydrate intake.

Jawaban: C

Pembahasan: This example supports the claim that the body uses refined carbo-hydrates in much the same way (lines 42-43) that it does sweets.

13. The author of the passage would most likely agree with which statement?

A. The federal government knowingly gave the public misleading advice.
B. Soaring obesity rates are most certainly a result of low-fat diets.
C. Nutritionists should promote high-fat, protein diets like the Atkin's diet.
D. Scientists should investigate every fad diet with equal scrutiny.
E. There is no definitive evidence connecting dietary fat to heart disease.

Jawaban: E

Pembahasan: Lines 42-43 support this statement.

14. The tone of the last sentence of the passage is one of
A. optimism.
B. resolve.
C. indulgece.
D. irony.
E. revulsion.

Jawaban: D

Pembahasan: The last sentence is ironic-it expresses an incongruity between conflicting dietary advice that targets different types of food as unhealthy, and the reality that humans need to eat.

15. Read the text and answer the question!

Earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through Earth's rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in Earth's crust is suddenly released, usually when masses of rock straining against one another suddenly fracture and "slip." Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in relation to one another. The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge tectonic plates that make up Earth's crust.

Little was understood about earthquakes until the emergence of seismology at the beginning of the 20th century. Seismology, which involves the scientific study of all aspects of earthquakes, has yielded answers to such long-standing questions as why and how earthquakes occur. About 50,000 earthquakes large enough to be noticed without the aid of instruments occur annually over the entire Earth. Of these, approximately 100 are of sufficient size to produce substantial damage if their centers are near areas of habitation. Very great earthquakes occur on average about once per year. Over the centuries they have been responsible for millions of deaths and an incalculable amount of damage to property.

What will happen when seismic waves pass through Earth's rocks?
A. It will answer why and how earthquakes occur.
B. It may cause an earthquake.
C. It will store some form of energy in Earth's crust.
D. The masses of rock will slip.
E. It may produce seismic waves.

Jawaban: B

Pembahasan:

Soal tersebut menanyakan hal yang akan terjadi ketika gelombang seismik melewati batuan bumi.

Informasi tentang gelombang seismik dapat ditemukan dalam paragraf pertama. Dikatakan bahwa gempa bumi 'adalah setiap guncangan tiba-tiba dari tanah yang disebabkan oleh lewatnya gelombang seismik melalui batuan bumi.' Berdasarkan pendefinisian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa jika lempengan bumi menerima gelombang seismik, gempa bumi akan terjadi.

Jadi, pilihan jawaban yang tepat adalah B.

(cr30/tribun-medan.com)

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