Contoh Soal SNBT 2023 Materi Literasi Bahasa Inggris, Cocok Untuk Calon Mahasiswa yang Mau Masuk UI

E. stays

Jawaban: C. continues

Pembahasan: The meaning of persists is “continues to exist.” Therefore, the best answer is C.

3. What is the tone of the thread regarding the school competition?

A. encouraging

B. passionate

C. objective

D. biased

E. humorous

Jawaban: C. objective

Pembahasan: The text presents the topic of school competition objectively. There is no bias in the text and it is obvious that the text does not encourage people to do a particular action and it is far from being passionate or humorous. Therefore, the best answer is C.

The questions number 4 - 6 are based on the following passage.

TEXT 1

In 2010, researchers estimated that 8 billion kg of plastic entered  the ocean in a single year, and that number would sharply increase by 2025. When it enters the ocean, plastic waste disrupts marine ecosystems, travels to central locations, and forms a trash island which can cover an area of more than 1.6 million square km. These plastics never degrade, but rather break up into smaller sizes. They eventually become microplastics that stay in the environment for hundreds of years.

Scientists at the University of California San Diego have invented a new biodegradable material that is designed to replace the commonly used plastics. The material started to biodegrade in seawater within four weeks. The team found that various marine organisms colonize the material and break it into nutrients for their consumption.

The research of this new plastic is joined by experts in biology, chemistry, and marine science. They have shown that it is possible to make durable plastics that also can degrade in the ocean. Plastics should not be going into the ocean in the first place. But now, if they do, this new plastic can become food for microorganisms and not harmful trash.

TEXT 2

Plastic is everywhere and important to the growth of many industries, such as packaging, building, and automotive. About 83.5 persen of consumer products rely on plastic in some ways. Food without plastic packaging would spoil long before it reaches consumers’ fridges. PVC pipes made of plastic are an essential building part that reduce leakage and corrosion to conserve water and energy. Plastics make cars dramatically lighter, which increases fuel efficiency.

Researchers have been working to improve the plastic recycling process since it was realized that plastic was harming the environment. Recycling plastic not only helps the environment and reduces trash, but it also creates more jobs. The recycling sector generates up to 30 times more jobs than the common disposal sector. In fact, Tellus Institute reports that over 1.5 million new jobs would be created if the national recycling rate could be increased to 75 % .

Modern recycling techniques can transform plastic into more useful products. Some experts have seen the opportunity to make jet fuel from plastic. However, even a simple recycling strategy has commercial benefits. Over 3 million plastic bottles have already been converted into pillow fillers by IHG Hotels & Resorts. Customers are happy to sleep well and use a product that benefits the environment, according to IHG. And it is all thanks to plastic.

4. Which of the following statements is an opinion from Text 1?

A. These plastics never degrade, but rather break up into smaller sizes.

B. Recycling plastic not only helps the environment and reduces trash, but it also creates more jobs.

C. Plastics should not be going into the ocean in the first place.

D. They eventually become microplastics that stay in the environment for hundreds of  years.

E. Customers are happy to sleep well and use a product that benefits the environment.

Jawaban: C. Plastics should not be going into the ocean in the first place.

Pembahasan: Explanation: A, B, D and E are facts. 

5. What is the relationship between Texts 1 and 2?

A. Text 1 discusses the biodegradable material used in many useful products explained in Text 2.

B. Text 1 explains how biodegradable material can help improve the plastic recycling process discussed in Text 2.

C. Both texts explain what scientists have done to provide plastics which do not harm the environment.

D. Text 2 explains how new plastic material mentioned in Text 1 is recycled to create more jobs

E. Text 2 discusses the plastic recycling process that has been improved by the research findings explained in Text 1.

Jawaban: C. Both texts explain what scientists have done to provide plastics which do not harm the environment

Pembahasan: Explanation: A, B, D and E do not contain correct information

6. Based on information from the two texts, which of the following will most likely happen in the future?

A. Plastic waste in the ocean is unavoidable.

B. It is impossible to preserve customer food without biodegradable plastics.

C. Disposing plastic waste into seawater will create more job opportunities.

D. Marine organisms can be used to recycle plastics into pillows.

E. There is no need to completely ban plastic usage from this world.

Jawaban: E. There is no need to completely ban plastic usage from this world.

Pembahasan: A, B, C and D do not contain correct information.

The questions number 7 - 9 are based on the following passage.

Loneliness and social isolation among older adults is a serious public health threat that affects large numbers of people in the United States and contributes to dementia and other serious illnesses. A report by the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine (NASEM) shows that more than a third of adults aged 5 and over feel lonely, and nearly 1/4 of people aged 65 and over are considered socially isolated. Older people experience more loneliness and social isolation because they are more likely to face problems such as living alone, losing family or friends, chronic illness, and hearing loss.

While social isolation and loneliness are difficult to measure accurately, there is strong evidence that many adults aged 50 and over are socially isolated or lonely in ways that harm their health. Recent studies show that social isolation significantly increases a person’s risk of premature death from all causes, competing with smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity. Poor social relationships (marked by social isolation or loneliness) were also associated with a 29 % increased risk of heart disease. Loneliness in heart failure patients is associated with an almost increased risk of death times, increased risk of hospital admission by 68 % , and increased risk of admission to the emergency room by 57 % .

7. From the last paragraph, we can infer that …

A. Those who experience loneliness may develop heart disease.

B. Feeling lonely aggravates the heart condition of the elderly.

C. Heart disease is the worst ailment that a lonely older person will suffer from.

D. The older people get, the more lonely they will feel.

E. Loneliness and social isolation that people experience makes them unable to survive.

Jawaban: B. Feeling lonely aggravates the heart condition of the elderly.

Pembahasan:

Soal menanyakan kesimpulan tersirat yang dapat diambil berdasarkan informasi pada teks.

8. The writer’s intention in writing the passage is to…..

A. Encourage people to be more concerned about the elderly who are lonely and socially isolated

B. Prove that the elderly experiencing loneliness and social isolation actually exist in the united states

C. Convey the pain and sadness experienced by lonely and socially isolated elderly based on research

D. Tell about the loneliness and unhappiness felt by the elderly who are socially isolated, as well as research findings

E. Disseminate the information about the impacts loneliness and social isolation in the elderly

Jawaban: E. Disseminate the information about the impacts loneliness and social isolation in the elderly

Pembahasan

Pertanyaan tersebut menanyakan tentang tujuan penulis dalam menulis teks tersebut.

Paragraf pertama menyatakan bahwa kesepian dan isolasi sosial di kalangan lansia merupakan risiko kesehatan masyarakat utama yang memengaruhi banyak orang di Amerika Serikat.

Alinea kedua memaparkan hasil penelitian tentang dampak kesepian dan isolasi sosial pada lansia.

Secara keseluruhan, teks tersebut membahas efek merugikan dari kesepian dan isolasi sosial pada orang tua.

Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari teks tersebut adalah untuk menyebarkan informasi tentang dampak kesepian dan isolasi sosial pada lansia, sehingga pilihan E benar. 

9. To whom is the text likely addressed?

A. People living around elderly

B. Families staying with elderly

C. Retired who recently left his job

D. Senior citizen living alone on the outskirts of town

E. Employers have old workers in their companies

Jawaban: A. People living around elderly

Pembahasan

Pertanyaannya menanyakan sasaran/target pembaca teks.

Secara umum, teks bacaan berkaitan dengan perasaan kesepian dan isolasi sosial lansia yang berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan mereka.

Oleh karena itu, kelompok sasaran teks ini adalah mereka yang tinggal dekat dengan lansia sekaligus memperhatikan kondisi lansia. Oleh karena itu, Opsi A benar.

The questions number 10 are based on the following passage.

Infection caused by a bacterial organism (called Chlamydophila felis) is feline Chlamydial conjunctivitis. The most common signs of chlamydia in cats involve the eyes or upper respiratory tract (nose or throat), and only if the infection is left untreated does it spread to the lungs. Because chlamydia lives inside the body’s cells and cannot survive long in the environment, the spread of infection depends on direct or close contact with an infected cat. After infection, the incubation period (time between infection and development of clinical signs of disease) is between three and ten days.

The bacteria mainly infect the conjunctiva, which is the delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the edges of the eyeball. The infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis. In a normal cat, the conjunctiva is not easily visible and is a pale salmon pink. Cats with conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red making it more very visible. The nictitating membrane or third eyelid at the inner corner of the eye may protrude partially in the eye. One or both eyes may be involved.

Affected cats initially have a watery discharge from the eye that quickly becomes thicker and is usually yellow or greenish in color. Eye discomfort and cats often cover the affected eye. Many cats remain bright and appear normal, but some may develop a fever or lose their appetite. After a day or two, runny nose and sneezing may also occur. In kittens, the infection can spread to the lungs and cause fatal pneumonia.

10. What does the text mainly deal with?

A. The process of chlamydia affliction in cats

B. The symptoms of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

C. Clinical signs of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

D. An overview of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

E. Treatments for cats with chlamydia conjunctivitis

Jawaban: D. An overview of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

Pembahasan: Pertanyaan terkait dengan topik utama yang tercakup dalam teks bacaan. Tema utama teks dapat disimpulkan dari informasi yang disampaikan dalam paragraf.

Paragraf pertama mendefinisikan konjungtivitis klamidia kucing, organ yang menjadi targetnya, bagaimana penyebarannya, dan masa inkubasi.

Paragraf kedua menjelaskan proses infeksi bakteri dan konsekuensinya.

Paragraf ketiga menjelaskan gejala kucing dengan penyakit tersebut.

Topik utama teks adalah topik yang mencakup semua informasi ini dan dari lima pilihan jawaban yang tersedia, pilihan jawaban yang mencakup semua poin informasi di atas adalah gambaran umum konjungtivitis klamidia kucing, jadi jawaban D benar.

(cr31/tribun-medan.com)