5 Contoh Soal SNBT 2023, Materi Literasi Bahasa Inggris Lengkap Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan

TRIBUN-MEDAN.COM - Berikut contoh soal tes literasi Bahasa Inggris SNBT 2023 lengkap dengan jawaban serta pembahasannya.

Soal Literasi Bahasa Inggris ini terdiri dari seluruh materi pembelajaran akan dikemas dalam satu bacaan teks, sehingga lebih sederhana dan lebih berfokus pada penalaran.

Dalam menyelesaikan soal literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris, peserta ujian akan diberikan waktu 30 menit untuk mengerjakan 20 soal.

Oleh sebab itu, mahasiswa harus memperbanyak latihan membaca teks bahasa inggris karena soal banyak disajikan dalam bentuk teks.

Contoh soal:

The questions number 1 - 2 are based on the following passage

The United Nations predicts Earth will have to feed another 2.3 billion people by 2050, mostly concentrated in urban centers far from farmland. Conventional agriculture may not be able to meet that demand, but luckily NASA has been working for decades to tackle food production both on Earth and in space. Feeding astronauts during long-term space exploration means stretching resources to grow plants in space—including minimizing water use and energy consumption and eliminating soil.

NASA initially pioneered these techniques on the ground by building the country’s first vertical farm. Inside a decommissioned hypobaric chamber left over from testing the Mercury space capsule, technologists stacked rows of hydroponic trays like bookshelves against the walls. Then systems for lighting, ventilation, and circulating water were added using off-the-shelf parts. Various crops were planted on the stacked trays to test how well they would grow in water and without the benefit of sunlight or open air. This innovative approach to farming created a foundation for the industry of controlled environment agriculture, or CEA.

CEA combines plant science and environmental control to optimize plant growth and maximize efficiency, frequently incorporating vertical growth structures. Technology enables the filtering of contaminants from crop water and delivers precise nutrient balances. Artificial lighting provides only the necessary wavelengths at the right time, intensity, and duration, while environmental controls maintain ideal temperature and humidity. This approach could help feed burgeoning future generations, said Nate Storey, chief science officer at Plenty Unlimited, one of several companies building on NASA’s plant-growth research.

1. It is stated in the passage that.....

A. The world will run out of food by 2050 according to the United Nations.

B. NASA has maximized a farming method requiring a little water.

C. NASA is taking over conventional agriculture to address future food demands.

D. To improve plant development, plant science must be integrated with vertical growth structures.

E. NASA's innovative approach pioneered the establishment of a controlled environment agriculture industry.

Jawaban: B. NASA has maximized a farming method requiring a little water.

Pembahasan:

Soal tersebut menanyakan pernyataan yang sesuai dengan teks.

Pilihan A (Dunia akan kehabisan makanan pada tahun 2050 menurut PBB.) tidak tepat. Pada paragraf pertama kalimat pertama disampaikan bahwa menurut PBB, pada tahun 2050 bumi membutuhkan makanan untuk tambahan 2.3 miliar penduduknya. Hal tersebut bukan berarti kita akan kehabisan makanan pada tahun 2050.

Pilihan B (NASA telah memaksimalkan metode bercocok tanam yang membutuhkan sedikit air.) tepat. Pada paragraf pertama kalimat ketiga disebutkan bahwa dalam memberi makan astronot selama eksplorasi ruang angkasa jangka panjang, NASA memaksimalkan sumber daya untuk menumbuhkan tanaman di luar angkasa—termasuk meminimalkan penggunaan air dan konsumsi energi serta menghilangkan tanah.

Pilihan C (NASA mengambil alih pertanian konvensional untuk memenuhi permintaan pangan di masa depan.) tidak tepat. Tidak ada informasi pada teks yang menunjukkan bahwa NASA mengambil alih pertanian konvensional. Informasi pada paragraf pertama hanya menyebutkan bahwa NASA selama ini telah melakukan kegiatan pertanian atau agrikultur di luar pertanian konvensional.

Pilihan D (Untuk meningkatkan perkembangan tanaman, ilmu tanaman harus diintegrasikan dengan struktur pertumbuhan vertikal.) tidak tepat. Pada kalimat pertama paragraf terakhir disampaikan bahwa ilmu tanaman sering kali digabungkan dengan struktur pertumbuhan vertikal. Hal tersebut tidak menunjukkan bahwa keduanya harus selalu digabungkan.

Pilihan E (Pendekatan inovatif NASA memelopori pembentukan industri pertanian lingkungan yang terkendali.) tidak tepat. Kaitan antara langkah inovatif NASA dengan the industry of controlled environment agriculture (CEA) dibahas di paragraf kedua kalimat terakhir. Pada paragraf tersebut, disebutkan bahwa langkah inovatif NASA hanya menciptakan landasan bagi CEA sehingga tidak tepat jika dikatakan bahwa langkah tersebut merupakan cikal bakal didirikannya CEA.

2. How is the second paragraph related to the first paragraph?

A. Paragraph 2 exemplifies kinds of agricultural progress discussed in paragraph 1.

B. The vertical farm described in paragraph 1 is explained in detail in paragraph 2.

C. The second paragraph expands on the first paragraph's discussion of NASA's agricultural method.

D. The second paragraph explains further the issues raised in the first paragraph regarding food demands in 2050.

E. The success of the NASA farming practices mentioned in the first paragraph is reiterated in the second paragraph.

Jawaban: C. The second paragraph expands on the first paragraph's discussion of NASA's agricultural method.

Pembahasan:

Soal tersebut menanyakan hubungan antara paragraf 2 dan paragraf 1.

Paragraf 1 menyampaikan tentang kebutuhan pangan dunia tahun 2050 yang kemungkinan tidak dapat dipenuhi oleh sistem pertanian biasa. Beruntung NASA telah mengembangkan metode pertanian lain yang tidak sanggup dipenuhi oleh pertanian konvensional seperti meminimalisir penggunaan air.

Paragraf 2 menjelaskan lebih jauh mengenai metode pertanian tersebut, yang dinamakan vertical farm.

Dengan demikian, kaitan antara paragraf 1 dan paragraf 2 adalah paragraf kedua memperluas pembahasan paragraf pertama tentang metode pertanian NASA sehingga pilihan C tepat.

The questions number 3 - 4 are based on the following passage

A team led by UC Riverside geologists has discovered the first ancestor on the family tree that contains most familiar animals today, including humans. The tiny, wormlike creature, named Ikaria wariootia, is the earliest bilaterian, or organism with a front and back, two symmetrical sides, and openings at either end connected by a gut. The paper is published today in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

For 15 years, scientists agreed that fossilized burrows found in 555 million-year-old Ediacaran Period deposits in Nilpena, South Australia, were made by bilaterians. However, there was no sign of the creature that made the burrows, leaving scientists with nothing but speculation. Then, Scott Evans, a recent doctoral graduate from UC Riverside; and Mary Droser, a professor of geology, noticed miniscule, oval impressions near some of these burrows. With funding from a NASA exobiology grant, they used a three-dimensional laser scanner that revealed the regular, consistent shape of a cylindrical body with a distinct head and tail and faintly grooved musculature. The animal ranged between 2-7 millimeters long and about 1-2.5 millimeters wide, with the largest the size and shape of a grain of rice -- just the right size to have made the burrows.

"We thought these animals should have existed during this interval, but always understood they would be difficult to recognize," Evans said. "Once we had the 3D scans, we knew that we had made an important discovery."

3. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. the descendant on the family tree of familiar animals found in Australia

B. a team led by UC Riverside geologists

C. Australian geologists finding most animals

D. the small ancestor of familiar animals identified in Australia

E. the geologists’ discovery of a worm in Australia

Jawaban: D. the small ancestor of familiar animals identified in Australia

Pembahasan:

Soal menanyakan ide pokok yang tepat dari teks bacaan.

Pada keseluruhan paragraf, teks tersebut membahas mengenai penemuan makhluk yang dianggap sebagai leluhur dari silsilah keluarga sebagian besar binatang yang ada saat ini.

Pilihan D tepat karena pernyataan tersebut sesuai dengan yang disampaikan pada teks bacaan. 

4. The purpose of the passage is…..

A. to announce how great a team of geologists is

B. to deliver the information about several ancestors

C. to advertise an ancient animal found in Australia

D. to inform the readers about the important discovery

E. to reveal the sophisticated new science technology

Jawaban: D. to inform the readers about the important discovery

Pembahasan:

Soal menanyakan tujuan penulisan teks bacaan tersebut.

Teks tersebut memberikan informasi mengenai penemuan Ikaria wariootia, nenek moyang dari sebagian besar binatang yang ada saat ini yang dianggap sebagai sebuah penemuan yang penting. Dengan demikian, tujuan teks tersebut adalah memberikan informasi kepada pembaca mengenai penemuan penting sehingga pilihan D tepat.

Pilihan A (untuk mengumumkan betapa hebatnya sebuah tim dari ahli geologi) tidak tepat. Fokus dari teks tersebut adalah penemuan sebuah tim geologi, yaitu seekor bilateria, bukan para penemunya.

Pilihan B (untuk menyampaikan informasi mengenai beberapa nenek moyang) tidak tepat. Teks tersebut tidak menyajikan informasi tentang beberapa nenek moyang, tetapi hanya nenek moyang dari sebagian besar binatang yang ada saat ini.

Pilihan C (untuk mengiklankan seekor binatang purba yang ditemukan di Australia) tidak tepat. Tidak ada informasi pada teks yang mengatakan bahwa penemuan di Australia tersebut akan diiklankan.

Pilihan E (untuk mengungkapkan sebuah teknologi ilmu pengetahuan baru yang canggih) tidak tepat. Teks tersebut berfokus pada penemuan bilateria pertama, ikaria wariootia, oleh sebuah tim geologis, bukan tentang teknologi ilmu pengetahuan baru.

The questions number 5 are based on the following passage.

Measles, a childhood disease, has caused suffering to mankind for thousands of years. However, the search for an effective measles vaccine lasted two hundred years and has finally ended in success. Now, for the first time, measles is a preventable disease. You may ask, ”How is this important to children?” Every year measles kills twice as many Americans as polio does. More children die from measles than from any other common childhood disease. Also complications of some degree occur in about one child out of six. Most complication include pneumonia and ear disorders. Another after-effect of measles-brain damage is less common, but it can have such serious consequence that it deserves special attention. Brain damage due to measles sounds like something far away from our experience. In reality, it is not. Like other injury, damage to the brain can be very slight or very severe. It is quite possible that we have never seen or heard a child who has severe brain damage – the child would either have died or would be in an institution. However, in medical research a relation has been found between measles and such things as behavior problems, personality changes and dulling of metal ability. For example, a child may be bad-tempered or a little slow to learn after he has recovered from measles.

5. One of the important findings of the research on measles is that.....

A. children who have got measles may become difficult to handle because of their behavior.

B. in reality, there are no measles patients who get brain damage.

C. personality changes already occur at the time a child has measles.

D. measles can cause children to become physically handicapped.

E. measles is the first killer of childhood disease in the world

Jawaban: A. children who have got measles may become difficult to handle because of their behavior.

Pembahasan:

Untuk mengerjakan soal seperti ini, kamu perlu mengetahui dulu kalimat kunci yang menjadi inti dari teks. Dalam dua kalimat terakhir, dijelaskan bahwa ada kaitan antara measles dengan perubahan sikap, kepribadian, dan penumpulan kemampuan mental. Misalnya, setelah menderita measles anak jadi sering marah-marah atau lamban dalam belajar. Nah, perilaku seperti ini memungkinkan seorang anak menjadi sulit ditangani setelah menderita measles.

(cr31/tribun-medan.com)